4 types of operating models

• Coordination operating model. Think of coordination as shared access to data. This type of operating model calls for high levels of integration but low standardization. This essentially means that many key parts of the business are integrated with one another. However, each business unit or team has its own way of doing things. 

• Unification operating model. This is probably the most hands-on type of operating model. The unification operating model runs on a theory that when things are tightly integrated and tightly standardized, companies maximize efficiency. The risk here is that there’s little autonomy or wiggle room for how different business units operate. 

• Diversification operating model. This type of operating model applies to companies that have very few shared customers, suppliers, or even ways of doing business. Essentially, this model helps companies diversify their products and services to different customers to avoid a central hub to limit control over different business units.  

• Replication operating model. Another way to think about this operating model is autonomy but with some standardization. This type of operating model makes sure different business units have autonomy over their operations. But first, there’s a standardization of how things are done.